If you're looking for the best hair straighteners for thick hair, you probably know the struggle of finding a product that can handle your locks. Thick hair requires more heat and power to straighten, making it even more challenging to find a product that won't damage your hair. Before making a purchase, there are a few factors you should take into consideration to ensure a safe and effective styling experience.

Firstly, you'll want to look for a straightener that has adjustable heat settings. This is essential for anyone with thick hair because you'll need higher heat to straighten your hair. However, it's important to be able to adjust the temperature to avoid burning your hair. Additionally, you should also consider the size of the straightener plates. Larger plates can cover more surface area, making it easier to straighten thick hair quickly.

Before purchasing a straightener, you may be wondering about the difference between ceramic and titanium plates. Does it really matter? What does each material do? These are the types of questions that can catch the attention of people and draw them into reading further. Titanium plates heat up faster and retain their heat longer, making them a better option for thick hair. Ceramic plates distribute heat more evenly and are gentler on hair, making them suitable for thinner hair types. Keep reading to learn more about the best options on the market and why they stand out from the rest.

10 Best Hair Straighteners For Thick Hair

# Product Image Product Name Product Notes Check Price
1
This product is ideal for straightening hair with a long-lasting finish.
2
The product is ideal for straightening and curling hair of all types using ceramic, tourmaline, and titanium materials.
3
The product is ideal for straightening all hair types with adjustable temperature, instant heat-up, wide plates and no hair pinching.
4
The product is an ideal hair straightener that can achieve a sleek look and curls beautifully in one pass.
5
The product is ideal for straightening and curling hair with adjustable temperature and even heat distribution.
6
The hair straightener is ideal for healthy styling and curling all types of hair with adjustable temperature settings.
7
Ideal for straightening hair with its digital controls, floating ceramic plates, and anti-static feature.
8
Ideal for straightening all hair types with its extra-large floating titanium flat iron and adjustable temperature settings.
9
The product is ideal for straightening hair, reducing frizz, and has adjustable temperature settings with dual voltage capabilities.
10
This product is ideal for straightening and curling hair with one tool, making it versatile and efficient.
This product is ideal for straightening hair with a long-lasting finish.
The product is ideal for straightening and curling hair of all types using ceramic, tourmaline, and titanium materials.
The product is ideal for straightening all hair types with adjustable temperature, instant heat-up, wide plates and no hair pinching.
The product is an ideal hair straightener that can achieve a sleek look and curls beautifully in one pass.
The product is ideal for straightening and curling hair with adjustable temperature and even heat distribution.
The hair straightener is ideal for healthy styling and curling all types of hair with adjustable temperature settings.
Ideal for straightening hair with its digital controls, floating ceramic plates, and anti-static feature.
Ideal for straightening all hair types with its extra-large floating titanium flat iron and adjustable temperature settings.
The product is ideal for straightening hair, reducing frizz, and has adjustable temperature settings with dual voltage capabilities.
This product is ideal for straightening and curling hair with one tool, making it versatile and efficient.

1. Black Gold Evolve Ionic Flat Iron: Salon-Quality Style

The Evolve Ionic Salon Flat Iron is the perfect tool for achieving pro-level sleek styles that last for days. Its premium ceramic-titanium plates make it easy to style professional waves and effortless loose curls, giving you the versatility to create any look you desire.

With its rotating dial, easy-to-read digital LED display, and an audible tone when the desired temperature is reached, the Evolve Ionic Salon Flat Iron allows for smart temperature control, ensuring that your hair is never subjected to excessive heat damage. Its variable heat settings, which can reach up to 455℉, make it suitable for all hair types.

The Evolve Ionic Salon Flat Iron is not only effective, but also convenient for travel. Its universal dual voltage ensures that it can be used wherever you go, and its auto shut off feature provides an added layer of safety. Additionally, a glove is included to protect your hands during use.

The flat iron's rounded edges make it perfect for creating extra-smooth, shiny styles, while its advanced ion generator maximizes ion output, leaving your hair feeling silky and smooth. It's no wonder why stylists prefer the Evolve Ionic Salon Flat Iron – Hot Tools has been a trusted, stylist-recommended brand since their establishment in 1990.

2. Nition Salon Straightener With Argan Oil And Lcd.

Introducing the 5-IN-1 Ceramic Coated Heating Plate Hair Straightener, an innovative styling tool that provides healthy styling with its infused Nano Silver, Argan Oil, Tourmaline, and Titanium elements. These elements work together to lock in natural moisture, transform frizzy hair, and avoid pulling or damaging hair while styling. This results in hair that is more shiny, sleek, and healthy, with an anti-static finish.

What sets this hair straightener apart from the competition is its simple one-step operation without any buttons. Its revolutionary design allows users to operate it by simply revolving the end of the straightener. By rotating clockwise, the device powers on and allows the user to select their desired salon high heat. Rotating anticlockwise decreases the temperature and powers off the device. With no buttons on the device's body, this hair straightener looks more concise and avoids accidental button pressing compared to traditional flat irons.

This hair straightener offers digital LCD 6 precise temperature options, ranging from 265°F to 450°F, making it suitable for all hair types. Its extra-long 4.1" heating plate provides more contacted area (+10%) than normal plates, enabling users to style more hair at once. With MCH Heating Feature, the device heats up in 10 seconds and recovers heat in seconds, while the unique C-Sensor feature auto-calibrates the temperature for the best styling effect that lasts.

The 5-IN-1 Ceramic Coated Heating Plate Hair Straightener is also an upgraded 2-IN-1 hair styling tool that enables users to straighten and curl their hair. Its 3D moveable plates with rounded edges make it easy to straighten or curl hair without crimping. The 3D flexible floating heating plate helps adjust the angle to avoid snagging or pinching hair, making it easy to glide smoothly through hair.

This hair straightener also features a 60-minute auto shut-off functionality and a U.S. plug, making it dual voltage auto compatible (100V-240V) for worldwide travel. It comes with a travel pouch bag, heat-resistant glove, salon comb, and salon hair clips, making it the perfect travel companion. Its extra-long salon power cord (9ft & 360° swivel) features Velcro straps and a hanging hook for easy storage.

For those looking to achieve salon-quality hair styling at home, the 5-IN-1 Ceramic Coated Heating Plate Hair Straightener is the perfect solution. Be sure to read the manual carefully for tips on how to curl your hair with this device.

3. Rosily Titanium Flat Iron – Large & Smooth

Introducing the Rosily Straightener, the perfect tool for achieving sleek, beautiful hair in no time. With its advanced Metal Ceramic Heater (MCH) technology, it can heat up to 450°F in just 30 seconds, providing continuous and stable temperatures throughout styling. This makes it even more efficient than PTC and Tourmaline straighteners, giving you better results in less time.

The Rosily Straightener features an extra-wide 1.75’’ extra-long 4.75’’ plate, perfect for all hair lengths. The plates are designed to straighten long hair faster than any other flat irons. Thanks to its innovative vent design, it is not only suitable for dry hair, but also damp and wet hair. No need to wait for your hair to dry before styling! Just towel dry hair to remove excess water and then begin your hair styling.

The 2X Smoother Glide design of the Rosily Straightener ensures zero pinching and pulling, making it a painless experience. The 3D Floating Plate Design keeps hair from snagging in the plates and are also flexible and adjust to your hair’s depth, so you can straighten more strands per swipe.

With its adjustable temperature feature, you can select the perfect temperature for your hair type. Choose from 5 different temperature settings, ranging from 300°F to 450°F, to leave your hair looking polished and healthy.

The Rosily Straightener also boasts premium specifications, including dual voltage 100-240V with the use of an international wall adapter (not included) for worldwide travel. It also has an auto shut off feature after 60 minutes for safety and energy saving. The 360° swivel power cord allows for easy use and maneuverability.

4. Titanium One-Pass Flat Iron For Sleek Styles

The Vanessa Flat Iron is the perfect solution for those looking for a high-quality, damage-free styling tool that will give you silky, smooth hair with increased shine. This flat iron uses a titanium plate infused with Argan Oil that provides faster straightening, while high levels of negative ions produce conditioned hair that retains moisture.

The Human-factor Engineering Designed Shape of the Vanessa Flat Iron is easy to use and helps you relax your arm while styling. The floating plates glide through your hair, smoothing and polishing each strand, creating the look you want in just one pass. Styling has never been easier.

The Invisible Screen of the Vanessa Flat Iron shows only after it's turned on, helping you set the desired temperature. There are 11 temperature settings ranging from 265℉ to 450℉, making it suitable for all hair types. This flat iron leaves your hair looking polished and healthy after you find the proper heat setting for your hair.

The Vanessa Flat Iron is durable and designed to last for over three years. It uses sturdy materials and has convenient features such as Swivel Cord, Dual Voltage, and Automatic Shut-off. These features make it easy to store and use, giving you peace of mind that your hair is safe while using this flat iron.

This versatile styling tool can be used as a flat iron or curling iron, making it a great investment for anyone who wants to achieve silky-smooth straight hair or bouncy, dreamy curls. Whether you're looking to straighten or curl your hair, the Vanessa Flat Iron has got you covered.

5. Glide Ceramic Flat Iron – Straight & Curl Hair

The HSI Professional Glider is the ultimate hair tool that provides versatile styling options with just one product. Whether it's straightening, flipping or curling hair, this tool can do it all effortlessly. It's perfect for all hair types, including frizzy and coarse hair, and delivers dramatic results in no time.

The Glider features high-quality ceramic plates that use 8 HeatBalance micro-sensors to regulate the temperature and distribute heat evenly. With this technology, there's no need to worry about damaging your hair. You can enjoy shinier and silkier results thanks to the plates designed with ceramic and tourmaline crystal ion plates. This feature produces a high volume of negative ions that allow smaller water molecules to penetrate hair.

Total control is in your hands with the HSI Professional Glider. You can achieve a sleek, smooth look by eliminating frizz with adjustable high heat. There's no need to worry about matching the heat to your hair type as you can easily adjust the Flat Iron’s temperature settings from 140°F -450°F. This feature ensures that you have complete control over your styling experience.

The Glider comes with a complete package that includes an HSI style guide, 1-year warranty, glove and silk case for easy storage and on-the-go styling. With worldwide dual-voltage, you can enjoy the perfect look no matter where you are.

6. Nition Salon Styler: Ceramic, Argan, Titanium Flat Iron/curler.

Introducing the 5-IN-1 Ceramic Coated Heating Plate Hair Straightener, a revolutionary styling tool that provides innovative and healthy hair styling. The heating plate is infused with Nano Silver, Argan Oil, Tourmaline, and Titanium, which work together to lock in natural moisture, transform frizzy hair, and avoid pulling or damaging hair while styling. The result is hair that is more shiny, sleek, healthy, and anti-static.

This hair straightener features a simple one-step operation that does not require any buttons. The design allows you to operate the straightener by simply revolving the end of the device. To power on and set your desired salon high heat, rotate clockwise. To decrease the temperature and power off, rotate anticlockwise. With no buttons on the entire body of the straightener, it looks more concise and avoids hitting buttons compared to traditional flat irons. The digital LCD offers six precise temperature options, ranging from 265-450°F, making it suitable for all hair types.

The extra-long heating plate measures 4.1 inches, providing more contact area (+10%) than a normal plate, which means you can style more hair at once. The straightener is equipped with MCH Heating Feature, which allows it to heat up quickly in just 10 seconds, and evenly distribute heat, providing long-lasting style. The unique C-Sensor Feature allows for automatic temperature calibration, ensuring that the device operates at the best temperature for your hair type.

This hair straightener is also an upgraded 2-in-1 styling tool that can be used for both straightening and curling hair. The 3D flexible floating heating plate adjusts the angle to avoid snagging or pinching hair, ensuring that it glides smoothly through your hair. It also comes with a 60-minute auto shut-off function to ensure safety. This device is a U.S. plug and is dual-voltage auto-compatible (100V-240V), making it suitable for worldwide use.

This set comes with a travel pouch bag, a heat-resistance glove, one salon comb, and two salon hair clips, making it an excellent travel companion. The extra-long salon power cord measures 9ft and has a 360° swivel, making it easy to maneuver. The cord also comes with Velcro straps and a hanging hook for easy storage. For more styling tips, please read the manual carefully.

7. Remington Purple Digital Ceramic Flat Iron

This hair straightener is equipped with advanced anti-static technology that reduces static and flyaways by 50%, resulting in smooth and frizz-free locks. Its titanium protection coating ensures quick and even heat distribution, allowing for fast heat up and styling. The 30% longer ceramic plates provide ample space for quicker styling while minimizing damage to hair. With a high heat of 410°F, this straightener is perfect for fast styling on all hair types. Say goodbye to bad hair days and hello to sleek, professional-looking locks with this high-performance hair straightener.

8. Bcway Titanium Hair Straightener – Extra Large & Fast!

Introducing the 3D Floating Titanium Straightener by Bcway, a professional-grade hair styling tool designed to leave your hair more shiny, sleek, and healthy. The straightener features an extra-wide 2.16-inch titanium plate that provides faster straightening, saving your time while creating your desired style.

The straightener has 5 adjustable temperature settings that help you set the desired temperature easily. With just a press of a button, you can choose from 5 precise temperature options ranging from 248°F to 450°F, suitable for all hair types. This feature allows you to customize the heat according to your hair type, ensuring that you get the best results without damaging your hair.

The 3D Floating Titanium Straightener heats up in just 30 seconds, quickly and efficiently distributing heat evenly to give you silky, smooth hair in no time. The straightener is also equipped with a safety lock that protects you from getting hurt when not in use. Simply push down the lock button, and the straightener will remain in place until you're ready to use it again.

The innovative hair care mode of the straightener makes it more popular among users. Simply mix your hair with keratin hair makes, turn on the hair care mode switch, and set the temperature to the lowest setting to start your hair caring journey. This feature protects your hair from damage while ensuring that it remains healthy and beautiful.

The straightener is easy to use, with just one step to turn it off/on and adjust the temperature. You don't need to read complicated manuals to use it. The 360° swivel cord also ensures that the straightener never gets tangled, making it easy to create your desired hairstyle.

9. Aplatir Ceramic Flat Iron – Frizz Fighter

The Tourmaline-infused ceramic flat iron is a hair styling tool that can help you achieve sleek, smooth, and moisturized hair. This flat iron is designed with ceramic plates that are infused with tourmaline, which helps to reduce static and create a look that is silky and shiny.

The ergonomic design of this flat iron features rounded edges and floating plates that come together to create pin-straight tresses. However, with a simple twist of the wrist, you can also use it to create soft, lush waves and curls.

With tourmaline-infused ceramic plates, this L’ange flat iron distributes heat evenly and quickly to minimize heat exposure while creating long-lasting volume and luster. You can expect to achieve smooth and radiant hair in just a few minutes.

The adjustable temperature control of this flat iron is easy to use, with an on/off switch and rotating dial that allows you to adjust the temperature between 140 °F and 450 °F. This feature makes it ideal for any hair type, so you can customize your styling session to suit your hair's needs.

The flat iron also features a convenient 360˚ swivel cord that is 9 feet long. The cord allows you to maneuver as you please to create the perfect look, making this flat iron an everyday styling staple.

10. Furiden Hair Styler: Straighten & Curl With Ease

The FURIDEN Professional Hair Straightening tool boasts a new and improved design, featuring a directional switch that enables a one-step rotation to achieve your desired salon high heat. With this revolutionary one-step straightener and styler, you can achieve ultra-smooth, silky hair at the touch of a button.

This is the best flat iron on the market, featuring MCH technology, a new heating standard for hair appliances. In just 15 seconds, it heats up quickly, saving energy and reducing overall straightening and hair styling time compared to conventional hair straighteners. It is also more durable and long-lasting, making it an excellent investment for anyone looking for a reliable hair tool.

The FURIDEN 360°swivel long cord flat iron for women is designed with floating plates that are balanced and move when you do, preventing any snagging or tugging. The floating plates boast curved edges that continuously adjust the angle to avoid snagging your hair, giving you more control while styling. This feature makes it easier to use for beautiful curls and beach waves, making it better than a curling iron. You can now throw away your curling iron and get silky-smooth straight hair or bouncy dreamy curls in just one tool!

Looking for the perfect birthday gift for that special lady in your life? Look no further than the FURIDEN Professional Hair Straightening tool. It makes a great present for your wife, mom, grandmother, sister, daughter, best friend or girlfriend. This curated hair straightener is sure to make them feel cherished and loved.

Best Hair Straighteners For Thick Hair FAQs

Are there any hair straighteners that won't damage thick hair?

Yes, there are hair straighteners available in the market that won't damage thick hair. Thick hair can be difficult to manage and style, and using the wrong hair straightener can cause damage and breakage. However, with the right hair straightener, you can achieve sleek, straight hair without damaging your hair.

One of the best options for thick hair is ceramic flat irons. Ceramic plates distribute heat evenly, which is essential for thick hair. They also produce negative ions, which help to reduce frizz and static. Another option is titanium flat irons, which are lightweight and heat up quickly. They are also ideal for thick hair because they can reach high temperatures without damaging the hair.

It's important to choose a hair straightener with adjustable temperature settings, so you can find the perfect heat for your hair type. It's also recommended to use a heat protectant spray before using any hair straightener to minimize damage and breakage. With the right hair straightener and proper hair care, you can straighten your thick hair without causing any damage.

Can ceramic hair straighteners handle thick hair?

Yes, ceramic hair straighteners can handle thick hair. In fact, they are one of the best types of hair straighteners for this hair type. The ceramic plates are designed to distribute heat evenly, which means that they can handle the thicker and coarser strands of hair that are often found in thick hair. Additionally, ceramic hair straighteners have the added benefit of reducing frizz and adding shine to the hair, which can be especially important for those with thick hair that tends to be unruly. It is important to note that the size of the ceramic plates can also play a role in how effective the hair straightener is for thick hair. Larger plates may work better for those with very thick hair, as they can cover more surface area and straighten the hair more quickly. Overall, ceramic hair straighteners are a great option for those with thick hair who are looking for a tool that can handle their hair type effectively and efficiently.

Can titanium hair straighteners tame thick, frizzy hair?

Yes, titanium hair straighteners can definitely tame thick, frizzy hair. Titanium hair straighteners are known for their high heat conductivity, which makes them perfect for straightening thick, curly, or frizzy hair. The titanium plates heat up quickly and distribute heat evenly throughout the hair, ensuring that each strand is straightened effectively. Additionally, titanium hair straighteners have a smooth surface that helps to eliminate frizz and create a sleek, shiny finish.

When using a titanium hair straightener, it is important to use the correct temperature setting for your hair type and to apply a heat protectant product to prevent damage to your hair. It's also recommended to section your hair and work on small sections at a time to ensure that each strand is straightened properly.

Overall, titanium hair straighteners are a great option for taming thick, frizzy hair. They are durable, efficient, and produce excellent results, leaving your hair looking smooth, shiny, and straight.

How long does it take to straighten thick hair with a high-quality straightener?

The time it takes to straighten thick hair with a high-quality straightener can vary depending on several factors. Some of these factors include the thickness of the hair, the length of the hair, the type of straightener being used, and the skill level of the person doing the straightening. However, on average, it can take anywhere from 20-45 minutes to straighten thick hair with a high-quality straightener.

It is important to note that the temperature of the straightener also plays a significant role in how long it takes to straighten thick hair. If the temperature is too low, it can take longer to straighten the hair, and if the temperature is too high, it can cause damage to the hair.

To get the best results when straightening thick hair with a high-quality straightener, it is recommended to use a heat protectant spray and to section the hair into smaller sections. This will help ensure that each section of hair is straightened properly and efficiently, ultimately resulting in a sleek and smooth finish.

Is it better to use a straightener with wider plates for thick hair?

Yes, it is better to use a straightener with wider plates for thick hair. Thick hair requires more heat to achieve straightness, and the wider plates can help to distribute that heat more evenly and effectively. Additionally, wider plates can cover more surface area of the hair at once, which can make the straightening process quicker and more efficient. When using a straightener with wider plates, it is important to ensure that the heat settings are appropriate for your hair type and that you use a heat protectant spray to prevent damage. It is also recommended to section your hair and work on small sections at a time to ensure that each strand is straightened evenly. Overall, using a straightener with wider plates can be beneficial for those with thick hair, as long as it is used properly and with caution.

What are the best hair straighteners for thick hair?

When it comes to choosing the best hair straighteners for thick hair, it is important to look for irons that have high heat settings and wide plates. One of the top hair straighteners for thick hair is the BaBylissPRO Nano Titanium-Plated Ultra-Thin Straightening Iron. This iron has extra-long 5-inch plates that can straighten large sections of thick hair quickly and efficiently. It also heats up to 450 degrees Fahrenheit, which is hot enough to tame even the most unruly locks.

Another great option is the CHI G2 Ceramic and Titanium Hairstyling Iron. This iron has 1.25-inch plates that can easily glide through thick hair. It also has a digital display that allows you to set the temperature to your desired heat level, up to 425 degrees Fahrenheit.

Lastly, the HSI Professional Glider Ceramic Tourmaline Ionic Flat Iron is also a great choice for thick hair. It has 1-inch plates that are infused with tourmaline and ceramic, which helps to reduce frizz and add shine. It also heats up quickly and has adjustable temperature settings up to 450 degrees Fahrenheit.

Overall, the key to finding the best hair straighteners for thick hair is to look for irons with high heat settings, wide plates, and quality materials that can handle the job.

What features should I look for in a hair straightener for thick hair?

When it comes to hair straighteners for thick hair, there are a few key features to look for to ensure that you get the best results possible. Firstly, you'll want to look for a straightener with wider plates, as this will allow you to cover more surface area of your hair at once, helping to save you time and effort. Additionally, you'll want to look for a straightener with adjustable temperature settings, as thick hair generally requires higher temperatures to straighten effectively. Look for a straightener that can reach at least 380°F to ensure that you can get the results you want. It's also important to consider the material of the plates, as ceramic or tourmaline plates will help to distribute heat evenly, minimizing damage and ensuring a smooth finish. Finally, look for a straightener with a comfortable grip and a long cord, as this will help to make the styling process easier and more comfortable.

What is the most affordable hair straightener for thick hair?

When it comes to finding an affordable hair straightener for thick hair, there are a few things to consider. Firstly, you want to make sure that the straightener has adjustable temperature settings so that you can find the right level of heat for your hair type. Secondly, you want to look for a straightener with wider plates, as this will make it easier to straighten thick hair in fewer passes.

One of the most affordable hair straighteners for thick hair is the Remington S5500 Digital Anti-Static Ceramic Hair Straightener. This straightener has 1-inch wide ceramic plates that are infused with anti-static technology, which helps to reduce frizz and flyaways. It also has adjustable temperature settings up to 410°F, so you can find the right level of heat for your hair.

Another affordable option is the HSI Professional Glider Ceramic Tourmaline Ionic Flat Iron. This straightener has 1-inch wide plates that are made of ceramic and tourmaline, which helps to reduce frizz and add shine to the hair. It also has adjustable temperature settings up to 450°F, making it suitable for even the thickest hair types.

Overall, it's important to invest in a high-quality hair straightener that is suitable for your hair type, as this will help to prevent damage and ensure that your hair stays healthy and shiny.

What temperature setting is best for straightening thick hair?

The ideal temperature setting for straightening thick hair can vary depending on the thickness and texture of your hair. Generally, it is recommended to use a temperature between 350°F to 400°F for thick hair. However, it is important to keep in mind that applying excessive heat to your hair can cause damage and breakage. Therefore, it is crucial to use a heat protectant spray before straightening your hair to minimize damage.

To achieve a smooth and straight look, you can divide your hair into small sections and use a flat iron to straighten each section individually. Start at the roots and slowly glide the flat iron down to the ends, repeating the process until your hair is straight. Also, avoid going over the same section of hair repeatedly to prevent damage.

In conclusion, the best temperature setting for straightening thick hair is between 350°F to 400°F, but it is important to use a heat protectant and avoid overexposure to heat.

Which hair straighteners work best on thick, curly hair?

When it comes to straightening thick, curly hair, it's important to choose a hair straightener that can handle the job. One of the best options is a flat iron with ceramic plates and a high temperature range. Ceramic plates are great for distributing heat evenly, which helps to prevent hot spots that can damage hair. Look for a straightener with a temperature range of at least 350-400 degrees Fahrenheit, as this will be hot enough to straighten even the thickest, curliest hair.

Another important factor to consider is the width of the straightener plates. For thick, curly hair, opt for a straightener with wider plates, as this will allow you to cover more surface area with each pass. This can help to speed up the straightening process and ensure that your hair is evenly straightened.

Some recommended hair straighteners for thick, curly hair include the BaBylissPRO Nano Titanium-Plated Ultra-Thin Straightening Iron, the HSI Professional Glider Ceramic Tourmaline Ionic Flat Iron, and the Remington S9520 Pearl Ceramic Hair Straightener. Ultimately, the best straightener for you will depend on your hair type and personal preferences, so be sure to do your research and read reviews before making a purchase.

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